Edge AI - Enabled Smart Sensors for Predictive Maintenance of Marine Vessels
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##
Abstract
Traditional Predictive Maintenance deployment on marine vessels requires continuous acquisition and transmission of large volumes of sensor data, resulting in high complexity, cost, and cybersecurity exposure that limit large-scale adoption.
This work presents RSL Smart Sensors, an Edge AI - enabled sensing platform that performs distributed on-sensor intelligence to significantly reduce data transmission, operational costs, and cyber risks. Sensor data are processed locally, with only health indicators and diagnostic insights transmitted to the cloud for decision support.
A novel machine learning algorithm is introduced to estimate machine operating conditions directly from vibration data under strict power constraints, without access to external operating parameters. Validation on marine auxiliary generator turbochargers demonstrates high accuracy and confirms the feasibility of high-performance predictive maintenance at the edge under limited power and information conditions.
How to Cite
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
Predictive Maintenance, Edge AI, Edge Computing, Maritime, Cargo Vessels, Smart Sensors, Prognostics and Health Management
Combet, F., & Zimroz, R. (2009). A new method for the estimation of the instantaneous speed relative fluctuation in a vibration signal based on the short-time scale transform. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 23(4), 1382–1397.
Gildish, E., Grebshtein, M., Aperstein, Y., & Makienko, I. (2023). Vibration signal decomposition using dilated CNN. In Annual Conference of the PHM Society (Vol. 15, No. 1).
Gildish, E., Grebshtein, M., & Makienko, I. (2024). Vibration-based rotation speed estimation for industrial IoT. Internet of Things, 25, 101024.
Gildish, E., Grebshtein, M., & Makienko, I. (2026). Dilated CNNs for periodic signal processing: A low-complexity approach. arXiv preprint arXiv:2604.21651.
He, Y., Yao, Y., & Ou, H. (2024). Status recognition of marine centrifugal pumps based on a stacked sparse auto-encoder. Applied Sciences, 14(4), 1371.
Ho, D. (1999). Bearing diagnostics and self-adaptive noise cancellation [PhD dissertation, UNSW Sydney].
Hu, L., Liu, L., Yang, J., Hu, H., Zheng, C., & Yu, Y. (2025). Fault diagnosis based on deep transfer learning for marine turbocharger. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 300, 110444.
Kalafatelis, A. S., Nomikos, N., Giannopoulos, A., Alexandridis, G., Karditsa, A., & Trakadas, P. (2025). Towards predictive maintenance in the maritime industry: A component-based overview. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 13(3), 425.
Liang, Q., Knutsen, K. E., Vanem, E., Æsøy, V., & Zhang, H. (2024). A review of maritime equipment prognostics health management from a classification society perspective. Ocean Engineering, 301, 117619.
Liu, D., Cui, L., & Wang, H. (2023). Rotating machinery fault diagnosis under time-varying speeds: A review. IEEE Sensors Journal, 23(24), 29969–29990.
Lu, S., Lu, J., An, K., Wang, X., & He, Q. (2023). Edge computing on IoT for machine signal processing and fault diagnosis: A review. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 10(13), 11093–11116.
Lv, Y., Hao, J., Tang, M., & Wu, J. (2025). Multimodal data fusion-based intelligent fault diagnosis for ship rotating machinery: Status quo and perspectives. Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, 160, 111767.
Makienko, I., Grebshtein, M., & Gildish, E. (2024). Estimating vibration sources for industrial IoT using dilated CNN and deconvolution. Internet of Things, 27, 101303.
Michala, A. L., Vourganas, I., & Coraddu, A. (2021). Vibration edge computing in maritime IoT. ACM Transactions on Internet of Things, 3(1), 1–18.
Ouyang, H., Li, W., Gao, F., Huang, K., & Xiao, P. (2024). Research on fault diagnosis of ship diesel generator system based on IVY-RF. Energies, 17(22), 5799.
Park, M. H., Yeo, S., Choi, J. H., & Lee, W. J. (2024). Review of noise and vibration reduction technologies in marine machinery: Operational insights and engineering experience. Applied Ocean Research, 152, 104195.
Peeters, C., Antoni, J., & Helsen, J. (2025). A multi-delay extension of the discrete/random separation method. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 236, 112959.
Peeters, C., Leclere, Q., Antoni, J., Lindahl, P., Donnal, J., Leeb, S., & Helsen, J. (2019). Review and comparison of tacholess instantaneous speed estimation methods on experimental vibration data. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 129, 407–436.
Tiboni, M., Remino, C., Bussola, R., & Amici, C. (2022). A review on vibration-based condition monitoring of rotating machinery. Applied Sciences, 12(3), 972.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.
The Prognostic and Health Management Society advocates open-access to scientific data and uses a Creative Commons license for publishing and distributing any papers. A Creative Commons license does not relinquish the author’s copyright; rather it allows them to share some of their rights with any member of the public under certain conditions whilst enjoying full legal protection. By submitting an article to the International Conference of the Prognostics and Health Management Society, the authors agree to be bound by the associated terms and conditions including the following:
As the author, you retain the copyright to your Work. By submitting your Work, you are granting anybody the right to copy, distribute and transmit your Work and to adapt your Work with proper attribution under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States license. You assign rights to the Prognostics and Health Management Society to publish and disseminate your Work through electronic and print media if it is accepted for publication. A license note citing the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States License as shown below needs to be placed in the footnote on the first page of the article.
First Author et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.